Monday, November 5, 2012

Nikon DX format

The Nikon DX format is an alternative name used by Nikon corporation for APS-C image sensor format being approximately 24×16 mm. Its dimensions are about 2/3 those of the 35mm film format (29mm vs 43mm diagonal, approx.). The format was created by Nikon for its digital SLR cameras, many of which are equipped with DX-sized sensors. DX format is very similar in size to sensors referred to by other camera manufacturers (Canon, Pentax, and Sony) as APS-C, so the terms are sometimes used interchangeably[citation needed].
Nikon has produced a relatively small variety of lenses for the DX format, most of which are consumer-level zoom lenses. Since 2007, Nikon has announced eight digital SLRs, the D3, D3S, D3X, D700, D800, D800E, D4 and D600 that feature a Nikon FX format sensor that is the size of the 135 film format.


Real sensor size

Nikon uses DX format sensors of slightly different sizes, although all of them are classified as APS-C (crop factor more than 1.3 and less than 1.7):
Camera Sensor width (mm)
 Sensor height (mm)
 Horizontal pixels
 Vertical pixels
 Mega pixels
Nikon D1 23.7 15.5 2,012 1,324 2.7
Nikon D1H 23.7 15.5 2,012 1,324 2.7
Nikon D1X 23.7 15.5 3,008 1,960 5.9
Nikon D2H 23.7 15.5 2,464 1,632 4.2
Nikon D2Hs 23.7 15.5 2,464 1,632 4.2
Nikon D2X 23.7 15.7 4,288 2,848 12.3
Nikon D2Xs 23.7 15.7 4,288 2,848 12.3
Nikon D40 23.7 15.5 3,008 2,000 6.0
Nikon D40x 23.7 15.6 3,872 2,592 10.1
Nikon D50 23.7 15.5 3,008 2,000 6.0
Nikon D60 23.6 15.8 3,872 2,592 10.1
Nikon D70 23.7 15.5 3,008 2,000 6.0
Nikon D70s 23.7 15.5 3,008 2,000 6.0
Nikon D80 23.6 15.8 3,872 2,592 10.1
Nikon D90 23.6 15.8 4,288 2,848 12.3
Nikon D100 23.7 15.5 3,008 2,000 6.1
Nikon D200 23.6 15.8 3,872 2,592 10.1
Nikon D300 23.6 15.8 4,288 2,848 12.3
Nikon D300S 23.6 15.8 4,288 2,848 12.3
Nikon D3000 23.6 15.8 3,872 2,592 10.1
Nikon D3100 23.1 15.4 4,608 3,072 14.2
Nikon D3200 23.2 15.4 6,016 4,000 24.2
Nikon D5000 23.6 15.8 4,288 2,848 12.3
Nikon D5100 23.6 15.6 4,928 3,264 16.2
Nikon D7000 23.6 15.6 4,928 3,264 16.2  



Lenses for Nikon DX format

Vibration reduction (VR) lenses in DX format

Implications

The 1/3 smaller diagonal size of the DX format amounts to a 1/3 narrower angle of view than would be achieved with the 135 film format (35mm film or FX format), using a lens of the same focal length. Strictly in angle-of-view terms, the effect is equivalent to increasing focal length by 50% on a 135 film camera, and so is often described as a 1.5× focal length multiplier.
This effect can be advantageous for telephoto and macro photography as it produces a tighter crop without the need to increase actual focal length. However it becomes disadvantageous for wide angle photography as a wide angle lens for 135 film effectively becomes a normal lens for the DX format (e.g. 28mm × 1.5 = 42mm 135 film equiv.). This has led to the increased development of the DX format-specific lenses for the Nikon F-mount. Since these lenses do not need to cover the 135 film area, they are smaller and lighter than their 135 format counterparts of equal angle-of-view. The production of DX-specific lenses has also enabled the production of affordable wide angle lenses for the format (e.g., 12mm), whereas costly ultra-wide angle lenses from the 135 format were formerly required.
When DX format lenses are used on 135 format cameras, vignetting often occurs, as the image circle does not cover the entire area of the 135 format.
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